Abstract
The growing need for sophisticated materials and high-precision components has brought attention to how crucial effective and sustainable machining techniques are to contemporary manufacturing. The operating principle, applications, benefits, and drawbacks of both conventional and non-traditional machining techniques are outlined in this review study. In addition to non-conventional techniques including electrical discharge machining, laser beam machining, electrochemical machining, ultrasonic machining, water jet machining, and plasma arc machining, the traditional processing techniques like turning, milling, drilling, and grinding are examined. Material removal, surface quality, dimensional accuracy, tool wear, energy consumption, cost, and process efficiency are all examined and contrasted. They are also covered in the manufacturing sectors of electronics, biomedical, automotive, and aerospace, with a focus on the machining of complex and challenging-to-cut materials. Furthermore, the review highlights the importance of hybrid machining technologies, automation, artificial intelligence, and energy-efficient manufacturing strategies in improving productivity and reducing environmental impacts. The study highlights that the selection of suitable machining process: should be based on material properties, part geometry, quality requirement, and economical factors. Overall, it gives an idea of the capabilities and challenges of various machining technologies and future research directions to realize a precision, cost-effective and sustainable advanced manufacturing.
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